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Co-location Tier Index: Europe

Spain leads the evaluated European markets with three Tier 4+ commercial convergence nodes across 20 evaluated primary anchors; the Nordic region contributes two Tier 4+ sites. The European Co-location Tier Index ranks commercial nodes across Spain, Italy, Poland, and the Nordic region by the independent convergence of large-format retail and civic infrastructure. Each node is scored by the proximity of IKEA (Primary Target) to secondary hardware and warehouse operators (Leroy Merlin, Makro) and tertiary civic anchors (healthcare, higher education) within defined catchment radii, following the co-location-methodology and operationalised by the deterministic ranking system. Map-facing tier labels follow the ICSC hierarchy described in tier nomenclature.

Market scarcity and institutional validation

Achieving a high-tier designation requires the simultaneous convergence of multiple independent, capital-intensive operators within a restricted geographic radius. These top-tier sites represent the apex of commercial validation: each operator's capital commitment independently confirms the trade area's commercial strength.

Regional overview

The following table summarizes the distribution of the highest-quality nodes across the initial European markets in scope. For exhaustive, rank-ordered lists, refer to the country-specific indices.

Country/Region Primary Anchors Evaluated Tier 4+ (★★★★+) Sites Tier 3 (★★★) Sites Detailed Index
Spain 20+ 3 25 atlas-co-location-index-spain
Nordics 30+ 2 35 atlas-co-location-index-nordics
Italy 20+ 1 20 atlas-co-location-index-italy
Poland 15+ 1 15 atlas-co-location-index-poland

(Note: Site counts are dynamic and reflect the latest processing run of the Geographic Information System (GIS) data platform. Current as of May 2026. Tier 5 sites in the EU are exceptionally rare and are grouped with Tier 4 for this overview.)

See also


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